Thermal & HVAC calculators
Heat transfer, heating and cooling loads and energy cost calculators.
Calculate heat transfer step by step: Conduction Q = k A ΔT ÷ L; convection Q = h A ΔT; overall Q = U A ΔT.
Calculate cooling load step by step: Q = ΣUA × ΔT + 0.33 × n × V × ΔT + internal gains (sensible load, W).
Calculate heating load step by step: Q = ΣUA × ΔT + 0.33 × n × V × ΔT − internal gains (not below zero).
Calculate energy consumption step by step: E = P_rated × load factor × hours/day × days/year.
Calculate equipment energy cost step by step: Cost = kWh × price per kWh + fixed or demand charges.